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PULMONARY MYCOBACTERIUM KANSASII INFECTION: COMPARISON OF THE CLINICAL FEATURES, RADIOLOGICAL APPEARANCE, AND OUTCOME WITH PULMONARY TUBERCULOSIS

Rabin Medical Center, Beilinson Campus, Jerusalem, Israel

PURPOSE: To identify clinical and radiological features differentiating mycobacterium kansasii from mycobacterium tuberculosis infection.

METHODS: Data on patient background and clinical features were collected and chest radiographs were analyzed. The sample included matched patients with a culture positive diagnosis of M. tuberculosais (n=121) or M Kansasii infection (n=62) derived from the databases of two tuberculosis centers in Israel.

RESULTS: Sixty percent of the M kansasii group were native Israelis compared to 15% of the M tuberculosis group (p=0.0001). M. tuberculosis was associated with a higher rate of HIV (p=0.03, and M kansasii infection with a higher rate of lung disease (p=0.0001). M tuberculosis was characterized by a higher rate of bilateral disease (p=0.005), pleural effusions and lymphadenopathy (p=0.006 and p=0.001, respectively). There were 10 deaths , all in the tuberculosis group.

CONCLUSION: There are group differenaces between the clinical features of the two infections.HIV association, bilateral disease, pleural effusion and lymphadenopathy make M kansasii infection very unlikely.

CLINICAL IMPLICATIONS: The study helps the clinical pulmonologists to differentiate between the two diseases.

DISCLOSURE: David Shitrit, No Financial Disclosure Information; No Product/Research Disclosure Information